{"version":"0.5.0","built_at":"2026-10-11T12:53:59.099Z","license":"CC BY 4.0 © Mike Reams","canonical":"https://catalog.mikereams.com","capability":{"id":"BC-1450","name":"Usage Charging & Subscriber Billing","level":1,"parent_id":null,"l1_id":"BC-1450","industry":"communications","macro_id":null,"path":["Usage Charging & Subscriber Billing"],"description":"Turn network usage and subscribed services into accurate charges, balances and bills that subscribers understand, and settle what is owed between carriers. This is the communications-specific money path from usage record to bill, not general invoicing or corporate tax.","aliases":["BSS Billing","Revenue Management","Charging & Billing","Rating & Billing"],"in_scope":["Usage record collection and mediation from network elements","Real-time and offline rating, charging and prepaid balances","Convergent subscriber bills, presentment and bill inquiry","Wholesale, interconnect and roaming settlement between carriers"],"out_of_scope":["Generic customer invoicing and receivables (see BC-250)","Corporate income and indirect tax strategy (see BC-240)","Setting list prices and promotional offers (see BC-470)","Collections and payment disputes after billing (see BC-250.30)"],"csdm_note":"Record as a Business Capability supported by mediation, online charging and billing Business Applications; their Application Services underpin a customer-facing Business Service for billing and a Technical Service for usage collection.","status":"active","successor_id":null,"child_ids":["BC-1450.10","BC-1450.20","BC-1450.30","BC-1450.40","BC-1450.50","BC-1450.60"]},"crosswalk":{"realized_by":[],"used_in":[],"patterns":[],"stacks":[],"books":[]},"ancestors":[],"children":[{"id":"BC-1450.10","name":"Usage Record Mediation","level":2,"child_count":4},{"id":"BC-1450.20","name":"Rating & Charging","level":2,"child_count":4},{"id":"BC-1450.30","name":"Convergent Subscriber Billing","level":2,"child_count":4},{"id":"BC-1450.40","name":"Bill Presentment & Inquiry","level":2,"child_count":3},{"id":"BC-1450.50","name":"Intercarrier Settlement","level":2,"child_count":4},{"id":"BC-1450.60","name":"Communications Taxes & Surcharges","level":2,"child_count":3}]}